【译者按】 纳西文化要走向更广阔的天地，翻译是其重要的一环，它包括纳西语翻译为汉语和汉语翻译为纳西语。纳西语翻译为汉语，丽江东巴研究院的前辈已经做过很好的示范，东巴经百卷的翻译出版为纳西族的东巴文化走向世界做出来不可磨灭的贡献。然纳西族还有众多的民间文学文本，需通过翻译介绍给更多的人，期盼着纳西族能有许渊冲式的翻译者，让读者能在译者的翻译下沉浸式感受纳西族民间文学的独特魅力。也盼望着能出现六神磊磊式的纳西族民间文学赏析，以不同的视角解读纳西族文学。而汉语翻译为纳西语，更多的是让纳西娃娃激起学习母语的兴趣和让成人激起乡愁，例如，丽江妖媚工作室配的几部纳西语影视作品，激起了众多纳西娃娃学习母语的兴趣。另一方面，汉语翻译为纳西语也是宣传纳西拼音文这套文字的一个机会，我想掌握了纳西拼音文这套辅助工具，对学习纳西文化而言堪称加速器，能大大提高学习效率。基于此，我尝试着翻译了此文，以求教于方家。 

 歌手和耀淑与杨福泉先生 

   我从1988年开始民族学田野考察后，一天天看着闻名遐迩的老歌手和老东巴日见寥落。如今乡村里那种通晓传统歌调又能不断创作出新作品的好歌手越来越少，纳西古王国这乐舞之邦灿烂的风景，正随着老歌手们的不断骑鹤远逝而呈青黄不接之衰落状态。

   Ngeq 1988N gguf miqcvf xof tiaiqyi dialcaf bbei pil gguf, mieq yi kvlpai ddeeq gge zzergeeq neif dobbaq chee hual ddeeni gguf ddeeni nee lei heq shel bbei liuq mai ceeq. Nimei cheeni Naqmu bbei ddeeq loq gai gge kusheeq zzerbee he see mei, rheeq gguq maiq gge sisheel gge bee la zzer gvl gge xi la nee lei heq. Naqmu ddiuq sso loq zzerco nee hual huahuaq chee tv la, xi’lvq ximul he gguq nee goperq zzai bul ggeq lei heq, ddeeqmei shuaqmei gge beeddvq tee jilmei xuqmei gvtv peel  bbeeq ye.

   那时，我是怀着一种对纳西民族传统文化衰落的“世纪末”悲哀而行走在田野中，寻访着东巴和老歌手，这有可能是纳西古国传统艺苑一道“最后的风景”。我没赶上山野村寨名歌手辈出，群星灿烂，人们生活在一种艺术情致极浓的氛围之境的年代，心中怀有惆怅和悲哀。我怀着这种心情走向几近残阳落照中的老歌手。

   Elcheekaq, ngeq tee nvlmei ddee’liu bbei Naqxi ddumuq ozzei me jju neiq shel bbei, neenil neiq gvmai nee Naqmu bbei ddeeq loq keel seiq, xi’lvq ximul hual gguq soq, cheehual tee Naqmu bbei ddeeq loq zzerco nee hual huahuaq neiq gge mailqer gge mieji bie lei heq. Ngeq tee naq ko naq sal ddiuq geelgee neiq cheekaq, ddeeqmei gai nee zzer, jilmei mailgguq weq neiq cheekaq mailgai me maiq pil yil, nvlmei loq la neenil ddeetv jju ye. Cheetv bul bul xi’lvq ximul chee hual gv keel mei waq.

   1998年2月，我去丽江县东坝子著名的“女风神”故乡达坞村探访纳西一代著名女歌手和耀淑。 1998N2Y,

 ngeq Yiggv gge nimeitv pa miqzzeeq gge Daqwe Dazzeeq mil shel gge Daqwe chee bbei loq gge zzergeeq Hoq Yalsvf goq sosoq keel.

   我少年时就知道有个名歌手叫和耀淑，读大学时还读过20世纪60年代来自北京的作家整理的她唱的民歌。有几次在骡马物资交流会上远远地听过她和几个歌手的吟唱，但这是第一次走近这个年轻时就名满四乡的老歌手。

 Ngeq jil cheekaq nee zzergeeq Hoq Yalsvf shel ddeegvl jjuq tee see seiq, dalxof soq neiq cheekaq nee 60niaiqdail Kaqddiuq nee ceeq gge xi nee tee gge zzerbee gol nee shuashua ceeq gge chee liuq jji. Leijuf ddeeni ssee sseil huil loq nee tee leif ddeeni gvl zzerzzer huhuq neiq bbei ddoq jji, nal chee ssee nvl wecei chee ssee waq jji bul jilnieq nee mizzeeq gge zzergeeq gof tv.

   和耀淑生于1930年，现在身衰体弱，脸有点浮肿，加之患了气管炎，说话有点气喘。前几年县里每逢骡马和物资交流会，还常常请老歌手去歌会演唱，后来民歌被现代影视节目冲击而逐渐冷落，和耀淑这一代杰出的歌手也就在村里枯寂地度着晚年。如今，年轻人热衷于看电视和听流行音乐，不学不唱传统民歌，和耀淑这一代老歌手就显得分外寂寞。对我的来访，和耀淑显得很高兴。

 Hoq Yalsvf tee 1930N jiheq, cheekaq sseil ggumu ddeemerq me bbiq ye, pamei la ddeemerq wu, leijef qilguaiyai la yi zeeggeeq nee, geezheef ceeq mei ddeemerq saldderq ye. Gai cheeni kvl loq huiltv sseil, tafggeeq zzergeeq cheehual gol gashuq lee gvl ssee, mailjuq diailyi diailsheel he tv ceeq sseil, zzergeeq cheehual la bvlbbei loq go’lo bbei nimei ddvl ner heq. Eyi kvlpai jil xi diailsheel neif lieqxiq cailgo cheehu gol dal pieq ye, Naqxi zzerbee la soqxi me jjuq heq, cheezeeggeeq nee zzergeeq cheehual elgge bbei go’lo neifniq ggv. Nge nee alnai taf goq milddo ceeq tee, tee jjaiq pieq zherq ye.

   她的讲述向我展示了过去纳西妇女劳碌但与歌相依为命的难忘岁月。

 El nai nee nge gol ggainief gge leimil me tal milqu tee seiqbbei jjeq nal zzerko nee wu zzeebbei gge sher jai yel ceeq.

   “那时一年四季都有唱不完的歌啊，过年时唱，五月栽秧时也唱, 稻田里一片歌声，即使下着雨也唱，休息时，将蓑衣往田埂上一铺，大家也没忘了唱歌，歌声中，再苦的活一下子也就做完了。苞谷收获后，当时村中用轮流换工的方式晚上在各家剥苞谷皮(让颗粒露出，好在粮架上晒)，有时一剥就是十天半月，天天晚上在各家边剥边唱，一唱就忘了劳累和疲倦，常常唱到深夜。当时丽江庙会很多，赶庙会是个唱歌听歌的好机会，各地的名歌手都会来，聚集在风景好的树林和河边对歌，凝神静气地听名歌手的对歌, 自然就会学到不少歌。赶街天也是唱歌的好时节，如梓里铁索桥集市，各地来的人多，歌手也多，各人大显身手，一路对歌。正月十五整个丽江坝都唱。我奶奶、姑奶、父亲、母亲、两个姑妈都喜欢唱歌，我小时自然就学到了不少歌。我奶奶常常带着我打脚碓舂米捣辣椒，用石磨磨面，边劳作边唱歌，我就顺着奶奶的调子学。”

 “El cheekaq, ddeekvl lu rheeq tee zzer me sei gge bee dal waq, yeqbeiq jjiqzeil la zzer, walmei xidvq la zzer, xiq leekol tee zzerko dal lei mi, heeqzza me gua zzer, xeq cheekaf sseil, jjiceiq pvl bbu gv kuf zzer, teiqzzer sseil seiq jjeq me gua gge lo la ddeekaq nee bbei sei seiq. Kaqzzei qer pil sseil, gaddeeddee bbei kaqzzei eesheel, ddeekaqkaq sseil ceiqni ceiqwa ni ddaq leil ner, ssei huq me gua kaqzzei yeqmeil leil yeqmeil zzer, ddee zzer nee gaq cheehu la lei mil hee ye, zzer bul mail huqko tv tee bbeeq seiq. El cheekaq mialhuil la bbeeq, mialhuil loq sseil zzer neif zzer komi tal sseiq, ceiq mee ceif ddiuf gge zzergeeq he la lee zaq, sixai gge rhee gge jjihoq ddaddaq seiseiq zzerq bbvq zzeeq sseil zzerzzer huhuq, nvlmei bbiqrel bbiqrel bbei zzergeeq gge zzer komi, chefgv nee la jjaif ddeemaiq soq mai. Rheetv rhee’aq nilwa la zzerzzer huhuq gge nilwa waq,   mailjuq nee ceeq gge xi la bbeeq, zzerxi la bbeeq, goq loq seiq yi mei,chef gv nee meeqdiul zzer tal sseiq. Yebeiq ceiqwa ni sseil Yiggvddiuq ddee ddiuq bbei zzer lu. Elnai、Elnai ddeeqjil、Elddi、Emei、El’ni nigvl bbei zzerzzer weweq ser, ngeq jilnieq cheekaq nee sseixu gge zzerbee komi jji sseiq. Ngafnai mexeq bbei ngeq see bul meezhvq diu meixuq diu、lvtal eeq, yeqmeil bbei mei yeqmeil zzer, ngeq sseil elnai gguq zhul bbei mailgai soq.”

   “播种季节，四五家合伙用一架牛(即两头牛)，边播种边唱歌。晚上吃过饭，炒点瓜子，大家围坐一起，父亲知道的故事和古谱古调真多，我听得多了，就牢记在心里。有一次，轮到我父亲被摊派去当民工修南山公路，他病了不能去，我就顶替他去当民工。民工中出色的民歌手真不少，每天劳动完后，我都与他们在一起唱调子，从‘古气’‘时悲’到‘瓦默达’‘瓦仁仁’等，又学了不少新调。”

 “Bbaqpvl rheeq tv sseil, luwa jjif daho bbei ee nimei zeiq, yeqmeif dvq mei yeqmeif zzer. Huqmekvl chuq zzee pil sseil, guazer ddeemaiq xu ddeehual bbei ddee kul zzeeq, ngaf ddi gainieq gge gubee sseixu ddeebeil see, komi bbeeq sseil, nvlmei goqloq hee ye. Ddeesseeq, ngafddi jerq Naiqsai sseeggv tvl dder, nal gguq pil yil bbee me bie, ngeq tee kee di bbei lobbei keel sseiq. Lobbei ceeq gge xi loq zzer gvl gge xi jjaif bbeeq ye, bbeeqcheeni lobbei loxeq pil sseil, ngeq tafggeeq ddeecei bbei zzer, Gguqqil Sheeqbee he nee zzer bul Wef meddaq We sseisseiq chee hu gv tv, chee’loq nee beesheel jjaif ddeebeil soq mai.”

   “当时工地上有个比我大的男青年歌手，有些名气。他连续唱败了好几个比我大的女歌手，我姑妈叫我去与他对一对，我大着胆子去与他对歌。起先我有点胆怯，但一对上歌，就什么都不怕了，我用心听着这个高手的歌，也不知是怎么搞的，很多绝妙的对唱之词骨碌骨碌地涌到我的脑子里来，我与他对唱了好几轮，最后竟把他给唱败了。”

 “El cheekaq lobbei gv tee nge jerq ddeeq gge kvlpai jil gge sso ddeegvl jjuq, ddeemaiq miqzzeeq. Tee teiq zhulzhu bbei nge jerq ddeeq gge mil ddeeni gvl gol gga heq, ngafni nee shel mei tee juq ddee duil lu zeel, nge nvlmei ddeeq bbei tee juq duil keel sseiq. Gaigaif cheekaf ngeq ddeemerq rer, nal gai leel zzer ceeq sseil me rer sseiq, ngeq nvlmei zeiq bbei zzergeeq cheegvl nee zzer hee chee teiq komi, el cheekaq ezee bbei me ddoq, yulherq yul ddieddie neifniq gge bee tee huiq zeel bbei gv’liu gv nee gaiceeq ye, tee juq jjaiq ni’luiq zzer sseiq, mailqer tee nge gai pil heq.”

   “这个自视甚高的男歌手当时见败在我这么一个小姑娘手上，脸红脖子粗半晌说不出话。逐渐地我就开始与一些方圆几百里有名的老歌手如和锡典、和顺莲等对唱，这种与高手的对歌，使我对古谱古调的掌握和即兴作歌的本事不断提高。胆子也逐渐大起来，敢和任何来自四方八路的大歌手对唱......”

 “cheddaq heqrheeq gge sso cheegvl nge gge mil ssiulssiuq cheegvl gai pil seif gguf, paxuq jaibbiu bbei ddeenilko ggeq geezheeq me tv. Cheegguq ngeq esseiqsseiq bbei zzergeeq Hoq Sifdiai、Hoq Sui’liaif hu juq zzer bbiu sseiq, chee hu zzer bulrheeq juq duil sol sseil, ngeq beeq’lee shumuq neif gai yuq gai shel cheehu lahal ddeemaiq keke sseiq. Nvlmei la yeqmeil yeqmeil ddeef ceeq ye, ceiqmee ceifddiuf nee ceeq gge zzergeeq juq la zzer bbiu sseiq...”

   和耀淑在20世纪50年代初曾给不少来自北京、昆明等地的民间文学工作者唱过民歌，很多纳西族的民歌整理本中都留下了她那耀眼的歌才。如著名的传统大调《游悲》(殉情之歌)的纳西拼音文本和汉文译本，是根据她与著名女歌手和顺莲的演唱整理的。

 Hoq Yalsvf tee 50niaiqdail sseixu ddeebeil Kaqddiuq、Yichee nee ceeq gge xi gol zzerbee zzer yel jji, sseixu ddeebeil tei’ee loq tee tee gge peeyi salyi goqloq yi. Beeddeeq YEQBEE shel gge Naqxi koderl tei’ee nee jeldiu bul ceeq gge neif Habaq tei’ee nee leil ceeq gge, chee tee tee neif Hoq Suiliaif nee zzer gol nee shuashuaf ceeq.

   她一直活跃于民间各种集会上的对歌赛歌。只是近几年来，由于城市现代文化和大量的影视节目对纳西传统文化的冲击，喜欢听和唱民歌的年轻人越来越少，也没有人来向和耀淑这样的杰出歌手学习民歌，她蛰居家里，寂寞地打发着暮年岁月，只有她一肚子的山歌野调默默地陪伴着她。

 Tee ddeerheeq bbei Naqmu ddiuq kol nee zzerco hualweq neiq. Nal chee nikvl sseil, sisheel gge zzaiqrhee ozzei neif diailyi diailsheel he nee Naqxi ddumuq ozzei gol caq ceeq nv, Naqxi zzerbee komi ser neif zzer ser gge kvlpai jil meif nee lei heq, leif Yalsvf elnai nilniq bbei zzer bvlrheeq cheehual gol la soq xi me jjuq, tee ddeeni seerheeq bbei yegoq xul, go’lo neiq bbei yegoq nee nimei ddvl neiq sseiq, tee gge ddee ddvqmei gge zzerbee nee dal tee zzeebbei neiq sseiq.

   20年之后又在耀淑大妈家里和她相叙，我很高兴，回来写下如下几句，表达我的心情：

 Nizerq kvl gguf leijuq ddeessee Yalsvf dalmo goq nee tee lei ddoddoq,ngeq jjaiq zaq sseiq, nvlmei goq loq seiq seeddv mei ni ruq meeqdiul berl bbeq:

   二十年时光如风而去 

   你已苍老但笑容依然灿烂

   歌声与生命相依相伴 

   你带给人间歌和诗 

   山风也惊讶你的记性 

   能歌吟那么多的人世悲欢

 Nizerq kvl her nif bbei lol lei heq 

Ngvl ggumuq mul xe nal ssaiqbbaq me mul Ddeecherl 

Zzerko nee ngvl zzeebbei sseiq

 Ngvl nee ddiuq loq bul ceeq gge bee 

Jjuqgv gge her yi ngvl gge jjeldiu zzeeq gol mu 

Siuq neiq zeil gge goqdaiq gge bee zzer tv 

  恍然回到了二十年前 

我在院墙下与你合影

 阳光照着我还年轻的脸

 树上有小鸟倾听你的歌吟 

山风吹来古老而吉祥的声音

 Nizerq kvl gai lei tv ceeq nif bbei

 Ngeq ngvl gol jjigai loq nee oqderl 

 Bbaq yi ngeq gge kvljil paijil gge pa gol kail ceeq

 Zzerq gv gge vlssi yi ngvl gge zzerbee komi neiq 

Jjuq gv gge her nee ko’lvq koheeq bul ceeq ye 

  今天重返达勒山村

 霁吉山满眼苍青

 树林比二十年前茂密了

 清泉迸涌流水满潭

 你的儿子也成了歌手 

正用母语记下你无数的歌

 Cheeni Daqwe leijuq ddeesseeq ceeq Zilzi jjuq ddee

 jjuq bbei herq ye Zzerbbi nizerq kvl jerq hol ye

 Jjiq tv jjiq bberq jjiq yi dder sherl heq

 Ngvl gge sso la zzergeeq bie ye 

Naqxi koderl tei’ee nee ngvl gge bee jeldiu

  和耀淑与其儿子和正钧（和洁珍 摄）  

 愿耀淑大妈长寿安康 留给后人更多的歌 让纳西代代相传的歌与诗 伴随着这块美丽的土地 让她永远闪烁着性灵的光

 Yalsvf dalmo sseesherq halyi hol Bbeeq me vq bbei beegoq jil 2018年8月15日 2018N8Y15R